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Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease
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Review: Pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation

Laura Carrozzi

Department, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, Unit of Pulmonary Environmental Epidemiology, National Research Council (CNR) Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy, carrozzl{at}ifc.cnr.it

Francesco Pistelli

Department, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, Unit of Pulmonary Environmental Epidemiology, National Research Council (CNR) Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy

Giovanni Viegi

CNR Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology, Palermo, Italy, Unit of Pulmonary Environmental Epidemiology, National Research Council (CNR) Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy

Tobacco dependence is a chronic relapsing disease that needs continuous treatment. In combination with behavioural support, pharmacotherapy is a proven key component for supporting smoking cessation. Effective drugs are available and recommended: nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion and varenicline. Much research into new pharmacological approaches is ongoing, combining 'old' and 'new' drugs and personalizing a pharmacological treatment for a single smoker/patient; other new medications and vaccines are in development. Overall, pharmacotherapy seems to have efficacy and cost-effectiveness in real life, thus physicians should become familiar with these medicines. Further efforts should be aimed at optimizing treatment management and increasing smoking cessation rates in the general population.

Key Words: smoking cessation • nicotine dependence • pharmacological treatments • randomized controlled trials • real life • abstinence rate

Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease, Vol. 2, No. 5, 301-317 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/1753465808096136
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